In fact, previous research shows that human newborns –, and even newly hatched chicks, , can distinguish between biological and non-biological motion stimuli, despite extremely limited visual experience. These laws impose universal constraints on the visual appearance of biological motion, resulting in stereotypical movement patterns and invariant visual features that are preserved across many species. Biomechanical laws provide further constraints on the possible range of limb movements given a particular animate body structure. When creatures move, physical laws such as gravity and inertia impose physical constraints that dictate how the body and limbs must interact with the ground surface in order to propel the creature in one direction or another. One of the most fundamental and socially important functions of the human visual system is to perceive and understand the behaviors of animate agents in the environment. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This research project was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF BCS-1353391) awarded to HL. The database was created with funding from National Science Foundation EIA-0196217. įunding: The motion capture data used in this project was obtained from mocap.cs.cmu.edu. All data have been deposited to the Center for Open Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: The authors confirm that all data underlying the findings are fully available without restriction. Received: JAccepted: OctoPublished: November 18, 2014Ĭopyright: © 2014 Thurman, Lu. Reid, Lancaster University, United Kingdom In this way, we posit that perceptual animacy may serve as a gateway to higher-level processes that support action understanding and social inference.Ĭitation: Thurman SM, Lu H (2014) Perception of Social Interactions for Spatially Scrambled Biological Motion. Only after satisfying these basic constraints could stimuli be evaluated for high-level social content. These results demonstrate the importance of intrinsic/extrinsic motion congruency for biological motion analysis, and support a theoretical framework in which early visual filters help to detect animate agents in the environment based on several fundamental constraints. Finally, Experiment 3 showed that scrambled point-light dancing animations violating this constraint were also rated as significantly less interactive than animations with congruent intrinsic/extrinsic motion. Violating the motion congruency constraint resulted in chance discrimination performance for the spatially-scrambled displays. In Experiment 2, we found that participants could identify interactions between spatially-scrambled displays of human dance as long as congruency was maintained between intrinsic/extrinsic movements. Total stimulus motion energy was strongly correlated with the likelihood that an observer would attribute animate/social traits, as opposed to physical/mechanical traits, to the scrambled dot stimuli. Using a free response paradigm in Experiment 1, we discovered that many naïve observers (55%) spontaneously attributed animate and/or social traits to spatially-scrambled displays of interpersonal interaction. ![]() Motion congruency is hypothesized to be particularly important because of the constraint it imposes on naturalistic action due to the inherent causal relationship between limb movements and whole body motion. ![]() Specifically, we investigated the importance of global body form, intrinsic joint movements, extrinsic whole-body movements, and critically, the congruency between intrinsic and extrinsic motions. ![]() The current study employed naturalistic point-light animations to examine the ability of human observers to spontaneously identify and discriminate socially interactive behaviors between two human agents. It is vitally important for humans to detect living creatures in the environment and to analyze their behavior to facilitate action understanding and high-level social inference.
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